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Compare Cape Verde (2004) - British Indian Ocean Territory (2001)
Compare Cape Verde (2004) z British Indian Ocean Territory (2001)
| Cape Verde (2004) | British Indian Ocean Territory (2001) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | 17 municipalities (concelhos, singular - concelho); Boa Vista, Brava, Maio, Mosteiros, Paul, Praia, Porto Novo, Ribeira Grande, Sal, Santa Catarina, Santa Cruz, Sao Domingos, Sao Filipe, Sao Miguel, Sao Nicolau, Sao Vicente, Tarrafal | - |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 40% (male 83,835; female 82,318)
15-64 years: 53.3% (male 106,846; female 114,312) 65 years and over: 6.7% (male 10,580; female 17,403) (2004 est.) |
- |
| Agriculture - products | bananas, corn, beans, sweet potatoes, sugarcane, coffee, peanuts; fish | - |
| Airports | 7
note: 3 airports are reported to be nonoperational (2003 est.) |
1 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 6
over 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 5 (2004 est.) |
total:
1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | total: 1
under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
- |
| Area | total: 4,033 sq km
land: 4,033 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total:
60 sq km land: 60 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the entire Chagos Archipelago |
| Area - comparative | slightly larger than Rhode Island | about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | The uninhabited islands were discovered and colonized by the Portuguese in the 15th century; Cape Verde subsequently became a trading center for African slaves and later an important coaling and resupply stop for whaling and transatlantic shipping. Following independence in 1975, and a tentative interest in unification with Guinea-Bissau, a one-party system was established and maintained until multi-party elections were held in 1990. Cape Verde continues to exhibit one of Africa's most stable democratic governments. Repeated droughts during the second half of the 20th century caused significant hardship and prompted heavy emigration. As a result, Cape Verde's expatriate population is greater than its domestic one. Most Cape Verdeans have both African and Portuguese antecedents. | Established as a territory of the UK in 1965, a number of the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) islands were transferred to the Seychelles when it attained independence in 1976. Subsequently, BIOT has consisted only of the six main island groups comprising the Chagos Archipelago. The largest and most southerly of the islands, Diego Garcia, contains a joint UK-US naval support facility. All of the remaining islands are uninhabited. Former agricultural workers, earlier resident in the islands, were relocated primarily to Mauritius but also to the Seychelles, between 1967 and 1973. In 2000, a British High Court ruling invalidated the local immigration order which had excluded them from the archipelago, but upheld the special military status of Diego Garcia. |
| Birth rate | 26.13 births/1,000 population (2004 est.) | - |
| Budget | revenues: $252.9 million
expenditures: $269.9 million, including capital expenditures of NA (2003) |
- |
| Capital | Praia | - |
| Climate | temperate; warm, dry summer; precipitation meager and very erratic | tropical marine; hot, humid, moderated by trade winds |
| Coastline | 965 km | 698 km |
| Constitution | new constitution came into force 25 September 1992; underwent a major revision on 23 November 1995, substantially increasing the powers of the president, and a further revision in 1999, to create the position of national ombudsman (Provedor de Justica) | - |
| Country name | conventional long form: Republic of Cape Verde
conventional short form: Cape Verde local long form: Republica de Cabo Verde local short form: Cabo Verde |
conventional long form:
British Indian Ocean Territory conventional short form: none abbreviation: BIOT |
| Currency | Cape Verdean escudo (CVE) | - |
| Death rate | 6.72 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) | - |
| Debt - external | $325 million (2002) | - |
| Dependency status | - | overseas territory of the UK; administered by a commissioner, resident in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in London |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | chief of mission: Ambassador Donald C. JOHNSON
embassy: Rua Abilio m. Macedo 81, Praia mailing address: C. P. 201, Praia telephone: [238] 61 56 16, 61 56 17 FAX: [238] 61 13 55 |
none (overseas territory of the UK) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | chief of mission: Ambassador Jose BRITO
chancery: 3415 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007 telephone: [1] (202) 965-6820 FAX: [1] (202) 965-1207 consulate(s) general: Boston |
none (overseas territory of the UK) |
| Disputes - international | none | the Chagos Archipelago is claimed by Mauritius and Seychelles |
| Economic aid - recipient | $136 million (1999) | - |
| Economy - overview | This island economy suffers from a poor natural resource base, including serious water shortages exacerbated by cycles of long-term drought. The economy is service-oriented, with commerce, transport, tourism, and public services accounting for 72% of GDP. Although nearly 70% of the population lives in rural areas, the share of agriculture in GDP in 2001 was only 11%, of which fishing accounted for 1.5%. About 82% of food must be imported. The fishing potential, mostly lobster and tuna, is not fully exploited. Cape Verde annually runs a high trade deficit, financed by foreign aid and remittances from emigrants; remittances supplement GDP by more than 20%. Economic reforms are aimed at developing the private sector and attracting foreign investment to diversify the economy. Prospects for 2004 depend heavily on the maintenance of aid flows, tourism, remittances, and the momentum of the government's development program. | All economic activity is concentrated on the largest island of Diego Garcia, where joint UK-US defense facilities are located. Construction projects and various services needed to support the military installations are done by military and contract employees from the UK, Mauritius, the Philippines, and the US. There are no industrial or agricultural activities on the islands. When the Ilois return, they plan to reestablish sugarcane production and fishing. |
| Electricity - consumption | 39.08 million kWh (2001) | NA kWh |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh (2001) | - |
| Electricity - imports | 0 kWh (2001) | - |
| Electricity - production | 42.03 million kWh (2001) | NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by the US military |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mt. Fogo 2,829 m (a volcano on Fogo Island) |
lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Diego Garcia 15 m |
| Environment - current issues | soil erosion; demand for wood used as fuel has resulted in deforestation; desertification; environmental damage has threatened several species of birds and reptiles; illegal beach sand extraction; overfishing | NA |
| Environment - international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
- |
| Ethnic groups | Creole (mulatto) 71%, African 28%, European 1% | - |
| Exchange rates | Cape Verdean escudos (CVE) per US dollar - 97.703 (2003), 117.168 (2002), 123.228 (2001), 115.877 (2000), 102.7 (1999) | - |
| Executive branch | chief of state: President Pedro PIRES (since 22 March 2001)
head of government: Prime Minister Jose Maria Pereira NEVES (since 1 February 2001) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 11 and 25 February 2001 (next to be held NA February 2006); prime minister nominated by the National Assembly and appointed by the president election results: Pedro PIRES elected president; percent of vote - Pedro PIRES (PAICV) 49.43%, Carlos VIEGA (MPD) 49.42%; note - the election was won by only twelve votes |
chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Commissioner John WHITE (since NA); Administrator Louise SAVILL (since NA); note - both reside in the UK cabinet: NA elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; commissioner and administrator appointed by the monarch |
| Exports | NA (2001) | - |
| Exports - commodities | fuel, shoes, garments, fish, hides | - |
| Exports - partners | Portugal 31%, France 27.6%, UK 17.2%, US 17.2% (2003) | - |
| Fiscal year | calendar year | - |
| Flag description | three horizontal bands of light blue (top, double width), white (with a horizontal red stripe in the middle third), and light blue; a circle of 10 yellow five-pointed stars is centered on the hoist end of the red stripe and extends into the upper and lower blue bands | white with six blue wavy horizontal stripes; the flag of the UK is in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the striped section bears a palm tree and yellow crown centered on the outer half of the flag |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $600 million (2002 est.) | - |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: 10%
industry: 16.5% services: 62.8% (2003) |
- |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $1,400 (2002 est.) | - |
| GDP - real growth rate | 4% (2002 est.) | - |
| Geographic coordinates | 16 00 N, 24 00 W | 6 00 S, 71 30 E |
| Geography - note | strategic location 500 km from west coast of Africa near major north-south sea routes; important communications station; important sea and air refueling site | archipelago of 2,300 islands; Diego Garcia, largest and southernmost island, occupies strategic location in central Indian Ocean; island is site of joint US-UK military facility |
| Highways | total: 1,100 km
paved: 858 km unpaved: 242 km (1999 est.) |
total:
NA km paved: short stretch of paved road of NA km between port and airfield on Diego Garcia unpaved: NA km |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA
highest 10%: NA |
- |
| Illicit drugs | used as a transshipment point for illicit drugs moving from Latin America and Asia destined for Western Europe; the lack of a well-developed financial system limits the country's utility as a money-laundering center | - |
| Imports | NA (2001) | - |
| Imports - commodities | foodstuffs, industrial products, transport equipment, fuels | - |
| Imports - partners | Portugal 46.7%, Netherlands 9.1%, Belgium 3.8% (2003) | - |
| Independence | 5 July 1975 (from Portugal) | - |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA | - |
| Industries | food and beverages, fish processing, shoes and garments, salt mining, ship repair | - |
| Infant mortality rate | total: 49.14 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 54.39 deaths/1,000 live births female: 43.73 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.) |
- |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 3% (2003) | - |
| International organization participation | ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, ECOWAS, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO (observer) | - |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | - | 1 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | 30 sq km (1998 est.) | 0 sq km (1993) |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Tribunal of Justice or Supremo Tribunal de Justia | - |
| Labor force | NA (1980) | - |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 9.68%
permanent crops: 0.5% other: 89.82% (2001) |
arable land:
0% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 0% forests and woodland: NA% other: NA% |
| Languages | Portuguese, Crioulo (a blend of Portuguese and West African words) | - |
| Legal system | derived from the legal system of Portugal | the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply |
| Legislative branch | unicameral National Assembly or Assembleia Nacional (72 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 14 January 2001 (next to be held NA December 2005) election results: percent of vote by party - PAICV 47.3%, MPD 39.8%, ADM 6%, other 6.9%; seats by party - PAICV 40, MPD 30, ADM 2 |
- |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 70.14 years
male: 66.83 years female: 73.54 years (2004 est.) |
- |
| Literacy | definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 76.6% male: 85.8% female: 69.2% (2003 est.) |
- |
| Location | Western Africa, group of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Senegal | Southern Asia, archipelago in the Indian Ocean, about one-half the way from Africa to Indonesia |
| Map references | Political Map of the World | World |
| Maritime claims | measured from claimed archipelagic baselines
territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm |
exclusive fishing zone:
200 NM territorial sea: 3 NM |
| Merchant marine | total: 4 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 5,395 GRT/6,614 DWT
by type: cargo 2, chemical tanker 1, passenger/cargo 1 foreign-owned: United Kingdom 1 (2004 est.) |
- |
| Military - note | - | defense is the responsibility of the UK; the US lease on Diego Garcia expires in 2016 |
| Military branches | Army, Coast Guard | - |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | $12.3 million (2003) | - |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | 1.5% (2003) | - |
| Military manpower - availability | males age 15-49: 98,394 (2004 est.) | - |
| Military manpower - fit for military service | males age 15-49: 55,477 (2004 est.) | - |
| National holiday | Independence Day, 5 July (1975) | - |
| Nationality | noun: Cape Verdean(s)
adjective: Cape Verdean |
- |
| Natural hazards | prolonged droughts; seasonal harmattan wind produces obscuring dust; volcanically and seismically active | NA |
| Natural resources | salt, basalt rock, limestone, kaolin, fish | coconuts, fish, sugarcane |
| Net migration rate | -12.07 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) | - |
| Political parties and leaders | African Party for Independence of Cape Verde or PAICV [Jose Maria Pereira NEVES, chairman]; Democratic Alliance for Change or ADM [Dr. Eurico MONTEIRO] (a coalition of PCD, PTS, and UCID); Democratic Christian Party or PDC [Manuel RODRIGUES, chairman]; Democratic Renovation Party or PRD [Jacinto SANTOS, president]; Movement for Democracy or MPD [Agostinho LOPES, president]; Party for Democratic Convergence or PCD [Dr. Eurico MONTEIRO, president]; Party of Work and Solidarity or PTS [Isaias RODRIGUES, president]; Social Democratic Party or PSD [Joao ALEM, president] | - |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | NA | - |
| Population | 415,294 (July 2004 est.) | no indigenous inhabitants
note: approximately 1,200 former agricultural workers resident in the Chagos Archipelago, often referred to as Chagossians or Ilois, were relocated to Mauritius and the Seychelles around the time of the construction of UK-US military facilities; in 1995, there were approximately 1,700 UK and US military personnel and 1,500 civilian contractors living on the island of Diego Garcia |
| Population below poverty line | 30% (2000) | - |
| Population growth rate | 0.73% (2004 est.) | - |
| Ports and harbors | Mindelo, Praia, Tarrafal | Diego Garcia |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 0, FM 15 (and 17 repeaters), shortwave 0 (2002) | AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | - | NA |
| Religions | Roman Catholic (infused with indigenous beliefs); Protestant (mostly Church of the Nazarene) | - |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.61 male(s)/female total population: 0.94 male(s)/female (2004 est.) |
- |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | - |
| Telephone system | general assessment: effective system, being improved
domestic: interisland microwave radio relay system with both analog and digital exchanges; work is in progress on a submarine fiber-optic cable system which is scheduled for completion in 2003 international: country code - 238; 2 coaxial submarine cables; HF radiotelephone to Senegal and Guinea-Bissau; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) |
general assessment:
separate facilities for military and public needs are available domestic: all commercial telephone services are available, including connection to the Internet international: international telephone service is carried by satellite (2000) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 71,700 (2003) | NA |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 53,300 (2003) | - |
| Television broadcast stations | 1 (and 7 repeaters) (2002) | 1 (1997) |
| Terrain | steep, rugged, rocky, volcanic | flat and low (most areas do not exceed four meters in elevation) |
| Total fertility rate | 3.62 children born/woman (2004 est.) | - |
| Unemployment rate | 21% (2000 est.) | - |
| Waterways | - | none |
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